There are several types of reactions after insect bites, sometimes with similar clinical manifestations, so it is good to know they could be differentiated apply the right treatment to each type of reaction.
The reactions can be divided into 3 groups:
* No immune.
* Immunologic.
* No defined mechanism.
1. Immunological reactions:
Are responses of tissues to the venom components with a high power drug and enzyme. These reactions usually appear between 24 and 48 hours after the bite. They are presented with a swelling around the site of the bite of a smaller diameter of 10 cm., Pain more or less strong depending on the site of the bite (higher in the limbs). Reactions can be local or systemic mild.
Treatment is symptomatic with measures like cold compresses, antihistamines and anti-inflammatory.
2. Immunologic Reactions:
- Presents a strong local reactions. It swells around the site of the bite with a diameter greater than 10 cms. and stays longer than 48 hours in children the inflammation can affect joints adjacent to 2. In these patients detected the presence of antibodies against some venom components such as hyaluronidase, and phosphates.
The treatment is with antihistamines and anti-inflammatory, but it should be a study to see the intensity of sensitization if necessary immunotherapy treatment.
- Known as serum sickness. Immune reaction also does not occur immediately after the bite but after a few days (between 2 and 10) and presents with fever, generalized skin inflammation, joint pains, and swollen glands. The symptoms resolve without sequelae within 1 to 2 weeks.
The treatment is with steroids (cortisone), do not require immunotherapy.
- Anaphylaxis. Anaphylactic reactions several organ systems and endanger the patient’s life. The first symptoms are usually skin, such as hives affecting the whole body, also may appear general itching and swelling of the skin. If the reaction is more intense switchboards associated with anxiety, fatigue, breathing (dyspnea), chest tightness, coughing, vomiting, diarrhea and abdominal cramps, urinary incontinence (including fecal), uterine cramps, arrhythmias and circulatory collapse or pulmonary edema.
In some cases always present the same clinical picture of anaphylaxis due to a subsequent sting while others anaphylactic table is becoming increasingly severe and serious.
In these cases, treatment should be put to insect venom immunotherapy in question (bee or wasp) and carry a KIT Adrenaline in treatment of self-injection syringe + + Antihistamine tortor. You must have your instructions for epinephrine auto-inoculated bite if accidentally.
3. No clear mechanism:
Kidney problems, nerve inflammation, meningitis, and abnormal coagulation (purple).
Treatment is specific in each case and does not require Immunotherapy
Tags: Immunologic, insect bites, No defined mechanism, No immune, symptomatic, Treatment, type of reaction
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